Tap a card, pay by phone, but cash still holds its own
CPMI Brief No. 12 Highlights The use of cashless payments continues to increase globally. Credit transfers are the fastest growing cashless payment method in emerging market and developing economies (EMDEs), while growth in advanced economies (AEs) is mainly driven by card payments. Fast payments are gaining ground and are a key driver behind the growth […]
The Supervision of Credit Intermediation Undertaken by Non-Banks
TC Notes: Practical Leadership and Guidance from Toronto Centre Non-bank lenders are increasingly providing more private credit in emerging market and developing economies, which introduces new risks and supervisory challenges. This Toronto Centre Note brings together the winning essays and contributions from the 2025 competition, and discusses the supervisory and policy responses to mitigate those […]